Galaxies are collections of planets, cosmic dust, dark matter, stars, and gas clouds. They can be considered Galaxy Elements to substructures such as nebulae, star clusters, and multiple star systems that are bound by gravitational forces. For more information on this concept, see the article on What are nebulae?.
Galaxies are made up of most of the matter that makes up the universe. Data on their formation and evolution can be obtained by locating stars and the amount of heavy elements they contain. To learn more about the topic, we invite you to read about the different types of stars. numbers of stars.
The latest published studies on galaxies stipulate that there are approximately two trillion galaxies in the universe. For the astronomers Our galaxy has generated great curiosity, as studying it has provided information about where we came from and has helped us come closer to defining the elements that make up our universe and how they shape the way we developed.
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Our Galaxy, the Milky Way
When talking about galaxies, perhaps the best known is the Milky Way, where the Solar system to which the planet Earth belongs. The Milky Way is within the Local Group, a group of about forty galaxies, the Milky Way being the second largest and brightest after the galaxy of Andromeda.
The etymological meaning of his name which in Latin means milky way is way milk, coming from Greek mythology, since the galaxy, in effect, generates an appearance of a faint band of light that crosses the Earth's firmament, the Greeks compared it to the milk spilled from the breast of the Greek goddess Hera. To better understand the characteristics of galaxies, it is useful to read about the characteristics of the planets of the solar system.
The astronomer Democritus (460 BC-370 BC) said that the beam white The reflection in the sky that the Greeks called the milky way was actually a number of stars grouped together that shone too faintly to be seen like other stars. Democritus' suggestion was not supported until 1609 when the astronomer Galileo Galilei used a telescope to prove that Democritus' theory was true, since wherever you looked you found stars.
The Milky Way is a regular galaxy in the form of a spiral of rotating discs composed of three elements: a disc, a bulb, and a halo. If you want to learn more about the different planets of the solar system, continue browsing our article.
Milky Way Disk
This element is composed of a fine and flattened structure made up of young stars, gas, rocks and dust, from which eight spiral arms arise where the planetary systems, including ours. For more information about these systems, you can read about the Earth-like planets.
Star systems, stars and all cosmic bodies The visible particles within the Milky Way rotate on their own axis, which is why it is called a disk; this happens because of the intense gravity exerted by the galactic center. Furthermore, the dark matter surrounding celestial bodies is essential for understanding the value of gravity on the planets.
The galactic disk is the area where the elements of the galaxy rotate at a certain and stable speed. It should be noted that this stability changes as celestial bodies approach the galactic core, and thus the center of the galaxy simulates a sphere of light.
Currently there are studies that show our galaxy as atypical for not having undergone any major mergers with others, constantly forming stars, and having evolved in a peaceful manner. The characteristics of this process are fascinating.
Milky Way Bulb
It is also called the galactic core, the elements of the galaxy that make up this area are only Population II stars, small, red and old, it is worth noting that it is a characteristic of spiral galaxies such as the Milky Way. For a more detailed analysis, you can read about the stars and their characteristics.
They are spatially distributed in an ellipsoidal manner as opposed to the flat distribution of the disk, it was previously thought that all bulbs were structures made up of a elliptical galaxy in the middle of a disk, now astronomers now think there are several types of bulge.
New research in the area of astronomy suggests that the Milky Way, does not have a central bulge or nucleus, or if one exists, it is very small, formed through the collision and merger of pre-existing galaxies. Instead, astronomers defined the Milky Way's bulge as a pseudobulge.
Milky Way Halo
It is an element of the galaxy that is composed of a spheroidal structure that surrounds spiral galaxies like the Milky Way, it is thought to be formed by globular star clusters Very old clusters (brown and red dwarfs), low-density interstellar gas, and dark matter. To learn more about these clusters, you can consult the article on planetary nebulae.
They are very old, so it is intuited that the star groups must have formed when the Milky Way was a large gas cloud It was collapsing and flattening more and more. So it contains a lot of dark matter and it is possible that halo stars can be found in the disk.
From the Solar System it is not possible to observe the nucleus of the galaxy due to the presence of extensive regions of stardust between the disk and the galactic center.
Milky Way Galaxy Elements
In the Origin of the Universe according to the Big Bang theory, the Milky Way was formed through small regions of overdensity in mass distribution. These regions were seeds of globular clusters in which stars that formed the galaxy still survive and currently constitute the stellar halo. If you want to delve deeper into the topic, see the article on the difference between planets and stars.
After this event, the mass of the galaxy, which was composed of billions of stars, was large enough to spin rapidly, causing the interstellar gaseous medium collapsed from a spherical shape into a flat disk. Subsequent generations of stars would form in this disk. To better understand stars, I invite you to read about Tiny planets.
When the first stars began to form, the Milky Way was growing and making galaxy mergers, like growing the galactic halo. In this way, the Milky Way was increasing its mass with two nearby satellite galaxies. However, it has not undergone mergers with large galaxies like similar spiral galaxies.
Currently our galaxy is in what recent studies call green Valley, which is a region populated by galaxies actively forming new stars, to galaxies that lack the formation of new stellar bodies. If you are looking for more information about the solar system and its location, you can consult the article on the guide to the night sky.
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Galaxies Within Our Galaxy
They are known as satellite galaxies and our galaxy has a large number of them. The two eldest are the great Magellanic Cloud and the small Magellanic cloud, the others are dwarf elliptical galaxies. Research is currently being carried out in our galaxy in search of new large satellite galaxies.
It should be noted that the Milky Way takes Elements Of The Galaxy, called dwarfs that are so close to it, that the components of these small satellite galaxies are being torn apart and absorbed by ours. To better understand gravity in these contexts, I suggest you consult the article on the gravity of the planets.
The way the Milky Way absorbs more star clusters is because it is rotating around an axis that unites the galactic poles. The rotation of the Milky Way occurs in a clockwise direction, dragging the spiral arms.
As initially mentioned, in our galaxy is the group of planets where the Earth is located, called by experts as Solar system. This system is located in the so-called Orion Arm and would be around 28.000 light years from the central area of the Milky Way.
It should be noted that the Solar System has only one star, called Sol, in addition to hosting eight planets (the Earth, Mars, Venus, Mercury, Jupiter, Saturn, Neptune and Uranus) and other minor bodies.
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