Mexico is a country located in the American continent specifically in North America, its official name is the United Mexican States, it constitutes a federal republic due to its type of government, which is why it is also called the Mexican Republic. This article will explore the characteristics of Mexico, and fairer information of this country
History
In 1492 Christopher Columbus arrived in America and in the following years the Spanish sent several expeditions with the aim of conquering the entire new world. The Spanish incorporated the indigenous inhabitants into his reign.
The big problems arose with the decline of the Spanish empire and the arrival of the Bourbons with a centralist mentality that neglected the colonies.
All this caused the beginning of an independence movement, the sectors of the Creole elites increasingly saw with worse eyes the political and especially economic dominance that the Spanish exercised over the viceroyalty.
For the year 1808 Napoleon invades Spain, at that time the most pro-independence Mexican sectors take advantage of rebelling against Spanish rule. During the first years of the struggle, the independence fighters failed, while Spain won the war against France in Europe.
However many American colonies had become independent during the war. When a liberal uprising took place in Spain, the Creole elites chose to join an independence movement, this support was definitive and gave way to the independence of Mexico in 1821.
The Mexican empire had a large part of what is now the southern United States and most of Central America. At that time, the Mexican Federal Republic was created in 1823 and Central America separated from Mexico.
In 1824 the constitution is created and in turn the first elected president of the federal republic is elected.
Surface and geography of Mexico
Mexico has a territorial extension of about 1.964.375 km2. It is bordered to the north by the United States, to the southeast by Guatemala and Belize, and to the west by the Gulf of Mexico. It has an eastern coast accompanied by the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea, which are part of the Atlantic Ocean.
Thanks to its geographical location, Mexico has a great variety of ecosystems that give life to ecological diversity, the percentage of species is outstanding in Mexican fauna, and the diversity it contains in flora positions it as one of the richest countries on the planet.
It presents extensive plains to the north and east of its territory. Among them the northern plain, and the plains of the Gulf of Mexico, on the coast of the Pacific Ocean are coastal plains that are approximately 500 kilometers wide.
Capital and political division
Mexico has 32 states, called federal entities, and also a capital called Mexico City.
According to the 1917 constitution, all states are free and sovereign. Mexico City is a federal entity that does not have its own capital since it contains the federal powers, which are the executive, the legislative and the judicial, which makes it the capital of the Mexican State.
language of mexico
It has a great linguistic diversity that positions it among the ten nations in which the most native languages are spoken, currently in Mexico there are 11 linguistic families from which 68 indigenous languages with 364 variants emerge. Of the 2.441 municipalities in the country, 494 are indigenous, which means that they preserve their traditions and customs, which means that at least 40% of the population speak their native language.
National symbols of Mexico
As in most countries, national symbols are of the utmost importance for their people, they represent unity and national identity. Below we will present some of the Mexican national symbols and their history:
- National Emblem: it was represented by an eagle, and until then it is considered one of the most important national symbols of the nation. According to history, the design of the shield was revealed through a leader of a Mexican tribe, and until today it is known as a mythological story.
The myth of the eagle remained in force even after 300 years of conquest. When independence was consolidated in 1822, the eagle was adopted as a symbol of the empire. It should be noted that over the years the shield has been subjected to various modifications.
It was not until 1968 that the muralist Francisco Eppens drew the representation of the shield that is known today.
In addition to the flag, the national coat of arms is framed in the coins that are part of the country's monetary cone.
- National anthem: Under the presidential mandate of Antonio López de Santa Anna, he ordered the design of a ceremony to commemorate the twenty-seventh anniversary of the victory of Tampico, where Miguel Lardo de Tejada was summoned to a contest to choose a national anthem.
The contest was divided into two parts, the first a literary contest to choose the lyrics, the second a contest to set the winning poem to music. 25 poets sent their proposals, Francisco Gonzales Bocanegra was the winner.
With the chosen poem, the country's musicians had 60 days to compose the score. The winner was a Catalan musician named Jaime Nunó.
Which originally titled his composition ¨Dios y Libertad¨ and the music was composed in the style of Italian opera, a genre that inspired most of the later Latin American hymns.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hijwQ-ErKFQ&t=126
Only 32 years ago a new law was enacted, where the official version of the national anthem was stipulated and its singing or execution for commercial advertising purposes was prohibited, therefore the national anthem is property of the Mexican State.
Population of Mexico
Mexico is currently among the most populous countries in the world. With a total population of 119.000000 million people.
The way in which the population is distributed is determined by cultural, economic, political, historical and environmental factors. These factors include access to and use of natural resources, the availability of jobs, economic growth, and the supply of infrastructure and services such as the supply of drinking water, electricity, and medical care.
These resources and services are normally found in cities, causing urban concentration and rural dispersion. In the case of Mexico, the Federal District is the smallest federal entity, however it is the one with the highest population density.
Economy of mexico
In macroeconomic terms, Mexico is the 14th largest economy in the world, and the second largest economy in Latin America, which is based on exports, oil and tourism. This is another of the characteristics of Mexico that we could not fail to mention.
At the beginning of the XNUMXth century, certain branches of agriculture began to develop, their production was destined for the export of cane and tobacco. The industrial development of the country came with mining production and at the same time metallurgy was developed, with the smelting of silver, copper and lead.
Agrarian reform began, as well as the nationalization of the oil and railway industries. It has different natural resources on which its economy is based, among them the most important agriculture, livestock, mining and fishing.
One of the characteristics of Mexico What should be mentioned is that this is a country that mainly produces cereals such as corn, rice and wheat, legumes, beans and lentils, fruits, strawberries and oranges, vegetables, tomatoes and carrots.
level of tourism
Mexico is the sixth most visited country in the world, after France, Spain, the United States, China, Italy and Turkey. This according to Characteristics of Europe, since most of America has countries with tropical climates, and Mexico is not the meaning.
Foreigners who come to the country in search of white sand, turquoise sea, sun, gastronomy or other national attractions, make almost 45 million tourists a year.
30% of the visitors are from the United States and Canada, 6,7% come from South America and 5,2% come from Europe.
Climate
Regarding the characteristics of Mexico Regarding temperature, the country has a great variety of climates, which are also intensified by the relief it has. Some of the environments are humid, semi-humid, warm and semi-warm. In mountainous places, it presents cold and temperate temperatures.
In the territory of Mexico, the rain occurs in the summer, beginning in the month of May with sporadic rainfall, which in July increases considerably, these are caused by the silicon winds that come from the northeast.
In addition, hurricanes that reach great speed are produced, these appear in the summer and autumn season, affecting the coasts of the Pacific and the Gulf of Mexico. In the winter, the air currents come from the north and cause a drop in temperatures, rains and snowfalls in high places.
The territory has numerous faults, seismic and volcanic zones, in addition to having 276 caves that are over 200 meters deep.
Culture
Mexican culture is characterized by being enriched by different traditions that, according to the history of the Mexican population, have gained importance over time.
A highly dense culture that contains a diversity of traditions, such as sayings, customs, myths, patron saint festivities, holidays, among other actions that the population adopts on a daily basis and makes them part of their culture.
Mexico is a country that, as we well know, has a dense population, in general its gentile shares a large number of cultures that could vary from one people to another, but there are some specific ones that are celebrated at the national level, cultures such as:
- The celebration of the day of the dead
- Typical regional dances
- A musical culture in general that encompasses rancheras as the trend in terms of music.
- The celebration of holidays, in the case of Independence Day. These are some of the traditions that Mexicans have made part of their culture, and they celebrate them with great national identity.
From the ancient Mayan culture, to the European presence, they have come to define the exciting country that is Mexico today. With the effects of colonization, much of Mexican literature borrowed techniques and ideas from Europe.
It was not until the post-revolutionary period that the arts in Mexico began to develop their own unique characteristics that soon evolved into some of the most celebrated figures in international art and literature.
Mexican food
Most of the Mexican dishes are a combination of the ancient recipes of the Aztecs, Mayans and the influence of the Spanish conquerors. Some of these dishes are recognized internationally such as tamales, tacos and quesadillas.
Without a doubt, the diversity of dishes is one of the characteristics of Mexico that stand out the most internationally.
They also prepare a variety of dishes that cannot be found anywhere else. Its recipes offer varieties of beef, goat, and more exclusive dishes with ostrich meat. Central Mexico prepares its meals under the influence of other regions of the country.